Explicación neurobiológica desencadenantes de alteraciones Psiquiátricas dependientes de las diferentes etapas hormonales de la mujer
Keywords:
Cambios hormonales, mujer, vulnerabilidad, neurobiológico, psiquiátrico, menopausia, fisiopatológicos, estudio de género, neurobiológica, depresión.Abstract
Las mujeres poseen alrededor del doble de posibilidades que los hombres de sufrir
depresión. Se ha planteado como hipótesis que los eventos reproductivos (ej. premenstrual, pre y postparto, transición menopáusica) pueden representar periodos de vulnerabilidad para la depresión, en parte, debido a la elevada sensibilidad a las intensas fluctuaciones hormonales. Si bien, las mujeres afrontan síntomas físicos y emocionales característicos de cada etapa de su vida , siendo algunos muy severos como para ser diagnosticados como trastorno disfórico premenstrual (TDPM); algunos estudios recientes sugieren que el TDPM es biológicamente diferente de la depresión mayor; 2) Mientras que el embarazo no aumenta el riesgo para la depresión, las mujeres con antecedentes del mismo, están en riesgo para episodios recurrentes o recaída, si se discontinúan los medicamentos antidepresivos; 3) Los cambios hormonales durante el período del postparto, pueden gatillar síntomas de depresión
postparto; 4) Casi la mitad de las mujeres peri menopáusicas están clínicamente deprimidas y sobre un tercio, experimenta su primer episodio de depresión en el período perimenopáusico. Durante esta revisión sistemática de la literatura serán identificados todos esos episodios fisiopatológicos inevitables del ciclo de la mujer, a su vez responsables del creciente aumento de eventos depresivos mayores, entre otras patologías psiquiátricas.
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