Fracturas osteolíticas del adulto y el niño como factor pronóstico en malignidad idiopática
Keywords:
Osteolytic Lesion, Bone Metastasis, Bone Neoplasms, pathological fracture, Prognosis.Abstract
Pathological fractures are lesions where the loss of bone continuity occurs due to biomechanically normal situations, due to intrinsic factors of their structural integrity or secondary injuries. Malignancy as one of its causes, can be derived from tumors of primary bone origin or metastases of other organs and affects adults and children in a variable way, although the characteristics and repercussions can be heterogeneous. Osteolytic lesions are characteristic of the destruction of bone tissue, including cortical thinning, loss of medullary component and in the case of malignant lesions presenting a soft tissue mass.
The burden of morbidity has an impact in terms of quality of life, disability, pain and death, by the perse disease or by the effects that arise from the treatment, so in this review we will make an approach to the main osteolytic lesions of the child and the adult of uncertain origin that are associated with malignancy.
References
Woolner B, Chandrakumar C, Patel BA, Harries LW, Jhaj J, Tasker A. Pathological fractures for the MRCS. Surgery (United Kingdom). 2023;41:642–9.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. Cancer. 2022. p. 1–7. Available from: https://www.who.int
Jayarangaiah A, Kemp AK, Kariyanna PT. Bone Metastasis. 2023. p. 1–8. National Library of Medicine.4. What Is Bone Cancer? Available from: https://www.cancer.gov
Cendales R, Pardo C. Modelo para la estimación de la incidencia de cáncer a escala departamental en Colombia 2012-2016. *Revista Colombiana de Cancerología*. 2012;14:2012–6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35509/01239015.870
Pardo C, Cendales R. Incidencia, mortalidad y prevalencia de cáncer en Colombia [Internet]. 2012. Available from: www.cancer.gov.co/conozca-sobre-cancer-1/
Hedge G, Thaker S, Botchu R, Fawcett R, Gupta H. Atraumatic fractures of the femur. Br J Radiol. 2021;94:20210514.
Felden A, Anract P, Tlemsani V, Scemama C, Biau D. Fracturas patológicas del adulto y del niño. EMC - Aparato Locomotor. 2018 Jun;51(2):1–16.
Al-Mashdali AF, Yassin MA. Osteolytic bone lesions as an initial presenting manifestation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults. Blood. 2022 Nov 15;140(Suppl):11603–4.
Wu S, Pan Y, Mao Y, Chen Y, He Y. Current progress and mechanisms of bone metastasis in lung cancer: A narrative review. Transl Lung Cancer Res.2021;10:439–51.
Cano Gómez JC, Lugo MM, Panés TV, García Guerrero GL. Epidemiology and clinic of vertebral metastasis. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol [Internet]. 2023;67:500–4.
Umer M, Mohib Y, Atif M, Nazim M. Skeletal metastasis in renal cell carcinoma: A review. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2018;27:9–16.
Benndorf M, Bamberg F, Jungmann PM. The Lodwick classification for grading growth rate of lytic bone tumors: a decision tree approach. Skeletal Radiol.2022;51:737–45.
Gemescu IN, Thierfelder KM, Rehnitz C, Weber MA. Imaging features of bone tumors: Conventional radiographs and MR imaging correlation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America. 2019;27:753–67.
Traore O, Elyagoubi M. Pathological fracture on osteolytic lesion.Pan Afr Med J.2021;39:121.
Damron TA, Mann KA. Fracture risk assessment and clinical decision making for patients with metastatic bone disease. J Orthop Res. 2020;38:1175–90.
Meer E, Patel M, Chan D, Sheikh AM, Nicolaou S. Dual-energy computed tomography and beyond: Musculoskeletal system.Radiol Clin North Am. 2023;61:1097–110.
Zarghooni K, Bratke G, Landgraf P, Simon T, Maintz D, Eysel P. The diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma in children and adolescents. Deutsches Arzteblatt International. 2023;120:405–12.
Li J, Wei W, Xu F, Wang Y, Liu Y, Fu C. Clinical therapy of metastatic spinal tumors. Front Surg. 2021;8:616530.
Sevimli R, Korkmaz MF. Analysis of orthopedic surgery of patients with metastatic bone tumors and pathological fractures.J Int Med Res. 2018 Aug;46(8):3262–7.
Arrigoni F, Bruno F, Zugaro L, Natella R, Cappabianca S, Russo U, et al. Developments in the management of bone metastases with interventional radiology.Acta Biomed.2018;89:166
Pielkenrood BJ, Visser TF, van Tol FR, Foppen W, Eppinga WSC, Verhoeff JJC, et al. Remineralization of lytic spinal metastases after radiotherapy.SpineJ.2023 Apr;23(4):571.
Moura M. Treatment of metastasis in the appendicular skeleton. Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo). 2022 Apr;57(2):200–6.
Di Carlo D, Fichera G, Dumont B, Pozzo E, Timmermann B, Luscan R, et al. Olfactory neuroblastoma in children and adolescents: The EXPeRT recommendations for diagnosis and management. EJC Paediatr Oncol. 2023 Jun;3:100136.
Serfaty A, Samim M. Bone tumors: Imaging features of the most common primary osseous malignancies. *Radiol Clin North Am*. 2022;60:221–38.
Zeitoun R, Shokry AM, Ahmed Khaleel S, Mogahed SM. Osteosarcoma subtypes: Magnetic resonance and quantitative diffusion weighted imaging criteria.J Egypt Natl Canc Inst. 2018 Mr;30(1):39–44.
Misaghi A, Goldin A, Awad M, Kulidjian AA. Osteosarcoma: A comprehensive review. SICOT-J. 2018;4:51.
Xin S, Wei G. Prognostic factors in osteosarcoma: A study level meta-analysis and systematic review of current practice. J Bone Oncol. 2020 Apr;21:100280.
Smeland S, Bielack SS, Whelan J, Bernstein M, Hogendoorn P, Krailo MD, et al. Survival and prognosis with osteosarcoma: Outcomes in more than 2000 patients in the Euramos-1 (European and American Osteosarcoma Study) cohort. Eur J Cancer. 2019 Mar;109:36–50.
Ahlawat S, Fayad LM. Revisiting the WHO classification system of bone tumours: Emphasis on advanced magnetic resonance imaging sequences. Part 2.Polish J Radiol.2020;85:409.
Covello B, Hartman S, Kaufman S, Enrizo O. Radiological and pathological diagnosis of an incidental Askin tumor.Radiol Case Rep. 2021 Jun;16(6):1245–8.
Carraro C, Rabusin M, Murru FM, Ammar L, Barbi E, Amaddeo A, et al. Neck stiffness and bone osteolytic lesion in a 3-years old child: a case report. *Ital J Pediatr*. 2023 Dec;49(1):68.
Huang C, Jiang S, Liao X, Li Y, Li S, Yang J, et al. Bone and bone marrow involvement in neuroblastoma: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Oct 2;99(40):22505.
Ahlawat S, Fayad LM. Revisiting the WHO classification system of bone tumours: Emphasis on advanced magnetic resonance imaging sequences. Part 2. Polish J Radiol.2020;85:409–19.
Cao L, Wu Y, Han SM, Sun T, Yu BH, Gao F, et al. Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma: A clinicopathologic analysis of 25 cases. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2021 Dec;22(1):477.
Mo JT, Darrow MA, Sharma JD. Langerhans cell histiocytosis with aneurysmal bone cyst-like changes: A case-based literature review. Childs Nerv Syst.2023;39:3057.
Light J, Retrouvey M, Conran RM. Educational Case: Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Acad Pathol. 2022;9:1–6.
Ikhuoriah T, Oboh D, Musheyev Y, Abramowitz C, Ilyaev B. Wilms tumor: A case report with typical clinical and radiologic features in a 3-year-old male.Radiol Case Rep. 2023 May;18(5):1898–904.
Thibodeau R, Jafroodifar A, Coelho M, Li HK, Gitto L, Zaccarini DJ, et al. Relapsed Wilms’ tumor presenting as metastasis to the zygoma.Radiol Case Rep. 2021;16(8):1965–73.
Shan S, Liu S, Yang ZY, Wang TM, Lin ZT, Feng YL, et al. Oral and maxillofacial pain as the first sign of metastasis of an occult primary tumour: A fifteen-year retrospective study. World J Clin Cases. 2022;10(14):4436–45.
Jimah BB, Amoako E, Ofori EO, Akakpo PK, Aniakwo LA, Ulzen-Appiah K, et al. Radiologic patterns of distant organ metastasis in advanced breast cancer patients: Prospective review of computed tomography images.Cancer Rep. 2023;7(2):1166.
Ruiz-Alva S, Cortes-Cerda R, Mora-Ríos F, Benítez-Romero A, Isunza-Ramírez A, Mejía-Rohenes L. Tumores que producen metástasis óseas. Acta Ortop Mex. 2021;35(2):201.
Duan J, Fang W, Xu H, Wang J, Chen Y, Ding Y, et al. Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of bone metastasis in lung cancer (2022 edition).J Natl Cancer Cent. 2023 Dec;3(4):256–65.
Takahara Y, Nakase K, Nojiri M, Kato R, Shinomiya S, Oikawa T, et al. Relationship between clinical features and gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer with osteoblastic bone metastasis. Cancer Treat Res Commun. 2021;28:100401.
Rummel K, Benson J, Roller L. Prostate adenocarcinoma with osteolytic metastases: Case report and review of the literature.Radiol Case Rep. 2021 Nov;16(11):3565–8.
Devaraj A, Al-Sader H. Osteolytic lesions: Multiple myeloma or prostate cancer? Radiol Case Rep. 2023 Apr;18(4):1485–9.
Dao A, McDonald MM, Savage PB, Little DG, Schindeler A. Preventing osteolytic lesions and osteomyelitis in multiple myeloma. J Bone Oncol. 2022;37:100458.
Ugga L, Cuocolo R, Cocozza S, Ponsiglione A, Stanzione A, Chianca V, et al. Spectrum of lytic lesions of the skull: A pictorial essay. Insights Imaging. 2018;9:845–56.
Gai D, Chen JR, Stewart JP, Nookaew I, Habelhah H, Ashby C, et al. CST6 suppresses osteolytic bone disease in multiple myeloma by blocking osteoclast differentiation. J Clin Invest. 2022 Sep 15;132(18):159763.
te Velde JP, Zijlstra H, Lans A, Patel CG, Raje N, Delawi D, et al. Fracture rate after conventional external beam radiation therapy to the spine in multiple myeloma patients. Spine J. 2023;24:137–45.
Hamidi S, Mottard S, Berthiaume MJ, Doyon J, Bégin MJ, Bondaz L. Brown tumor of the iliac crest initially misdiagnosed as a giant cell tumor of the bone. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep. 2020;2020:1–6.
Kushwaha R, Kumar A, Jain M, Singh S. B-acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. 2014. Available from: http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
Chindaprasirt P, Promsorn J, Ungareewittaya P, Twinprai N, Chindaprasirt J. Bone metastasis from cholangiocarcinoma mimicking osteosarcoma: A case report and review literature.MolClinOncol.2018 sept 17;10(3):315–22.
Downloads
Published
Versions
- Nov 20, 2025 (3)
- Nov 20, 2025 (2)
- Jan 15, 2024 (1)
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Scientific and Eduaction Medical JournalAtribución – No comercial – Compartir igual: Esta licencia permite a otros distribuir, remezclar, retocar, y crear a partir de tu obra de modo no comercial, siempre y cuando te den crédito y licencien sus nuevas creaciones bajo las mismas condiciones.
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
