Avances en la cirugía robótica, una revisión sistemática enfocada en Cirugía General

Abstract

Robotic surgery had been hypothesized since 1967, but its origin dates back to 1985
with the use of the PUMA 560 robot to take a brain biopsy (52). The first robot approved
by the FDA for use in patients is the Da Vinci from Intuitive Surgical Inc, with which the
first robot-assisted cholecystectomy was performed around 1997 (1).
The objective of this article is to establish the advances of robotic surgery in the
field of general surgery through a systematic review of scientific articles, for which
an exhaustive search was carried out in the Pubmed and Google Scholar databases,
selecting 300 articles. published from 2018 to date that were related to the topic
of interest and the keywords. Subsequently, the articles were reviewed and 50 that
provided complete, relevant and comparable information were chosen. With the 50
articles, a table of content was made that summarized the important points of each
one, the date of publication, the title, the database from which it was extracted and the
differences with the others reviewed, to proceed to compare the cost-effectiveness
of robotic surgery with laparoscopic surgery and open surgery, to evaluate in which
fields of general surgery the creation of robotic surgery has been useful, and to
propose, based on the review of scientific articles, whether robotic surgery will be
the future of general surgery.
It is concluded that minimally invasive surgery is the choice in many patients, however,
the laparoscopic approach continues to be the one that shows more cost-effective
results compared to robotic surgery, which is selectively recommended for those
patients who can benefit from it. this new technology.