nefroprotección

Abstract

The contrast media play an important role at the modern medicine, they are used both
in assessment procedures and in surgical interventions, it is also linked to the potential
complications developed, such as contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) or
induced by contrast.
The CI-AKI is defined as kidney failure occurred in the 48 hours subsequent to the
contrast-induced administration, and remains important to highlight that these
definitions, described in the past few years, implied in the first case a cluster, and in
the second case, a causal connection.
The exact way this damage spawn has yet to be clarified, but it is known that there are
3 principal mechanisms that contribute to kidney failure, which are cytotoxic direct
damage on tubular cells, medium disturbances by oxygen radicals and hypoxia due to
vasoconstriction, together with the risks inherent to the patients.
Currently, there are no standardized criteria for its diagnosis, previously it was used
changes in the basal creatinine levels. Formerly, and for some time now it is proposed as
a tool the criteria defined by Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN). Within the prevention
strategies it included the type of selection by contrast-induced, volume expansion,
baking soda usage, N-acetylcysteine, statins and waiver usage on nephrotoxic.